Physical and Environmental Geography program requirements
What the Physical and Environmental Geography Specialist, Major and Minor require, as the 2026-2027 Arts & Science Calendar states it, and every course they name.
Physical and Environmental Geography Specialist
- Science program
- 12.0 credits
- Not admitting new students
- ASSPE2030
Enrolment
Enrolment in the Physical and Environmental Geography Specialist will be administratively suspended as of January 31, 2024 and students will no longer be able to enrol in the program. The full enrolment requirements are on the Calendar's page for this program.
Completion requirements
Introductory courses: Any 6 half courses or the equivalent (3.0 credits) from JEG100H1, BIO120H1/ BIO130H1, CHM135H1, CHM136H1, PHY131H1/ PHY151H1, PHY132H1/ PHY152H1, MAT130H1/ MAT135H1, at least two of which must be Math or Physics half courses.
Core Courses: Any 4 courses (2.0 credits) from GGR201H1/ JEG201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1/ JEG205H1, GGR206H1/ JEG206H1, up to one half course from Group H.
Regional Geography Courses: Any course (0.5 credit) from GGR240H1, GGR246H1, GGR254H1, GGR308H1/ JEG308H1, GGR341H1, GGR342H1, GGR343H1, GGR344H1
Methods Courses: All (2.0 credits) of GGR270H1, GGR272H1, GGR337H1, GGR390H1
Applications: Any 7 courses (3.5 credits) from the Following:
Hydrology/GIS/Remote Sensing: GGR273H1, GGR274H1, GGR315H1/ GGR337H1, GGR373H1, GGR375H1, GGR386H1, GGR413H1, GGR414H1/ GGR415H1, GGR462H1, GGR472H1
Climatology/Energy/Resources: GGR314H1, GGR334H1, GGR347H1, GGR348H1, GGR416H1
Geomorphology: GGR301H1/ JEG301H1, GGR406H1/ JEG406H1, ESS241H1, ESS331H1
Biogeography: GGR305H1/ JEG305H1, GGR308H1/ JEG308H1, ESS361H1, ESS363H1, ESS461H1, ESS462H1
No more than one from GGR273H1, GGR373H1. Up to 1.0 credit can be used from GGR493Y1, based on suitability of placement for this program, and approved by department. Any GGR course from the list for Core Courses and Fourth Year Courses not already used. Up to 1.5 credits from Group I. No more than one of GGR273H1, GGR373H1.
Fourth Year Courses: Any 2 courses (1.0 credit) from GGR401H1, GGR406H1/ JEG406H1, GGR413H1, GGR415H1, GGR491Y1, GGR498H1, and 400-level courses in Group I. The total number of half courses from Group I (including 300-level courses) must not exceed 3 (1.5 credits). Up to one 0.5 credit can be used from GGR493Y1, based on suitability of placement for this program, and approved by department.
Total credits: 12.0
Group H: CHM217H1, CHM310H1, ESS224H1, ESS261H1
Group I: EEB319H1, EEB321H1, EEB324H1, EEB328H1, EEB428H1, ENV346H1, ESS262H1, ESS311H1, ESS361H1, ESS363H1, ESS461H1, ESS464H1, FOR301H1, FOR305H1, FOR306H1, FOR417H1, JEE337H1, PHY392H1, PHY408H1
Courses these requirements name
- JEG100H1Introduction to Physical Geography and Earth Science
- BIO120H1Adaptation and Biodiversity
- BIO130H1Molecular and Cell Biology
- CHM135H1Chemistry: Physical Principles
- CHM136H1Introductory Organic Chemistry I
- PHY131H1Introduction to Physics I
- PHY151H1Foundations of Physics I
- PHY132H1Introduction to Physics II
- PHY152H1Foundations of Physics II
- MAT130H1Calculus I for Life Sciences
- MAT135H1Calculus I
- GGR201H1Geomorphology last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG201H1Geomorphology
- GGR203H1Introduction to Climatology
- GGR205H1Introduction to Soil Science last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG205H1Introduction to Soil Science
- GGR206H1Introduction to Hydrology last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG206H1Introduction to Hydrology
- GGR240H1Geographies of Colonialism in North America
- GGR246H1Geography of Canada
- GGR254H1Geography USA
- GGR308H1Canadian Arctic Environments last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG308H1Canadian Arctic Environments
- GGR341H1The Changing Geography of Latin America
- GGR342H1The Changing Geography of Southeast Asia
- GGR343H1The Changing Geography of China
- GGR344H1Institutions and Governance: Germany in Comparative Perspective
- GGR270H1Introductory Analytical Methods
- GGR272H1Geographic Information and Mapping I
- GGR337H1Environmental Remote Sensing last in the 2021-2022 Calendar
- GGR390H1Field Methods
- GGR273H1Geographic Information and Mapping II
- GGR274H1Introductory Computation and Data Science for the Social Sciences
- GGR315H1Environmental Remote Sensing
- GGR373H1Advanced Geographic Information Systems
- GGR375H1Introduction to Programming in GIS
- GGR386H1Special Topics in Geographic Information Systems
- GGR413H1Watershed Hydroecology last in the 2025-2026 Calendar
- GGR414H1Advanced Remote Sensing last in the 2021-2022 Calendar
- GGR415H1Advanced Remote Sensing
- GGR462H1GIS Research Project
- GGR472H1Developing Web Maps
- GGR314H1Global Warming
- GGR334H1Water Resource Management
- GGR347H1Energy Efficiency and Beyond
- GGR348H1Carbon-Free Energy Systems
- GGR416H1Environmental Impact Assessment
- GGR301H1Fluvial Geomorphology last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG301H1Fluvial Geomorphology
- GGR406H1Geomorphology and the Anthropocene last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG406H1Geomorphology and the Anthropocene
- ESS241H1Geologic Structures and Maps
- ESS331H1Sedimentation and Stratigraphy
- GGR305H1Biogeography last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG305H1Biogeography
- ESS361H1Atmosphere-Biosphere Interact last in the 2023-2024 Calendar
- ESS363H1Global Biogeochemical Cycles
- ESS461H1Palaeoenvironmental Studies
- ESS462H1Global Biogeochemical Cycles last in the 2023-2024 Calendar
- GGR493Y1Geography Professional Experience
- GGR401H1Special Topics in Geography II
- GGR491Y1Research Project
- GGR498H1Independent Research
- CHM217H1Introduction to Analytical Chemistry
- CHM310H1Environmental Fate and Toxicity of Organic Contaminants
- ESS224H1Introduction to Mineralogy and Petrology
- ESS261H1Earth System Evolution
- EEB319H1Population Ecology
- EEB321H1Community Ecology
- EEB324H1Evolutionary Ecology
- EEB328H1Physiological Ecology
- EEB428H1Global Change Ecology
- ENV346H1Terrestrial Energy Systems
- ESS262H1Earth System Processes
- ESS311H1Aqueous Geochemistry
- ESS464H1Biological Perspectives on Earth System Evolution
- FOR301H1Field Methods in Forest Conservation
- FOR305H1Biology of Trees and Forests
- FOR306H1Tropical Forest Ecology and Conservation Field Course
- FOR417H1Agroforestry
- JEE337H1
- PHY392H1Physics of Climate
- PHY408H1Time Series Analysis
Physical and Environmental Geography Major
- Science program
- 8.0 credits
- Not admitting new students
- ASMAJ2030
Enrolment
Enrolment in the Physical and Environmental Geography Major will be administratively suspended as of January 31, 2024 and students will no longer be able to enrol in the program. The full enrolment requirements are on the Calendar's page for this program.
Completion requirements
Introductory Courses: Any 4 half courses or the equivalent (2.0 credits) from JEG100H1, BIO120H1/ BIO130H1, CHM135H1, CHM136H1, PHY131H1, PHY132H1, MAT130H1/ MAT135H1
Core Courses: Any 3 courses (1.5 credits) from GGR201H1/ JEG201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1/ JEG205H1, GGR206H1/ JEG206H1
Regional Geography Course: Any course (0.5 credit) from GGR240H1, GGR246H1, GGR254H1, GGR308H1/ JEG308H1, GGR341H1, GGR342H1, GGR343H1, GGR344H1
Methods Courses: All (1.5 credits) of GGR270H1, GGR272H1, GGR390H1
Applications: Any 4 courses (2.0 credits) from:
Hydrology/GIS/Remote Sensing: GGR273H1, GGR274H1, GGR315H1/ GGR337H1, GGR373H1, GGR375H1, GGR386H1, GGR413H1, GGR414H1/ GGR415H1, GGR462H1, GGR472H1
Climatology/Energy/Resources: GGR314H1, GGR334H1, GGR347H1, GGR348H1, GGR416H1
Geomorphology: GGR301H1/ JEG301H1, GGR406H1/ JEG406H1, ESS241H1, ESS331H1
Biogeography: GGR305H1/ JEG305H1, GGR308H1/ JEG308H1, ESS361H1, ESS363H1, ESS461H1, ESS462H1 Up to 1.0 credit can be used from GGR493Y1, based on suitability of placement for this program, and approved by department. Any GGR course from the list for Core Courses and Fourth Year Courses not already used. Any course (0.5 credit) from Group I. No more than one from GGR273H1, GGR373H1.
Fourth Year Course: Any course (0.5 credit) from GGR401H1, GGR406H1/ JEG406H1, GGR413H1, GGR414H1/ GGR415H1, GGR491Y1, GGR498H1
Total credits: 8.0
Group I:
EEB319H1, EEB321H1, EEB324H1, EEB328H1, EEB428H1, ENV346H1, ESS262H1, ESS311H1, ESS361H1, ESS363H1, ESS461H1, ESS464H1, FOR301H1, FOR305H1, FOR306H1, FOR417H1, JEE337H1, PHY392H1, PHY408H1
Courses these requirements name
- JEG100H1Introduction to Physical Geography and Earth Science
- BIO120H1Adaptation and Biodiversity
- BIO130H1Molecular and Cell Biology
- CHM135H1Chemistry: Physical Principles
- CHM136H1Introductory Organic Chemistry I
- PHY131H1Introduction to Physics I
- PHY132H1Introduction to Physics II
- MAT130H1Calculus I for Life Sciences
- MAT135H1Calculus I
- GGR201H1Geomorphology last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG201H1Geomorphology
- GGR203H1Introduction to Climatology
- GGR205H1Introduction to Soil Science last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG205H1Introduction to Soil Science
- GGR206H1Introduction to Hydrology last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG206H1Introduction to Hydrology
- GGR240H1Geographies of Colonialism in North America
- GGR246H1Geography of Canada
- GGR254H1Geography USA
- GGR308H1Canadian Arctic Environments last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG308H1Canadian Arctic Environments
- GGR341H1The Changing Geography of Latin America
- GGR342H1The Changing Geography of Southeast Asia
- GGR343H1The Changing Geography of China
- GGR344H1Institutions and Governance: Germany in Comparative Perspective
- GGR270H1Introductory Analytical Methods
- GGR272H1Geographic Information and Mapping I
- GGR390H1Field Methods
- GGR273H1Geographic Information and Mapping II
- GGR274H1Introductory Computation and Data Science for the Social Sciences
- GGR315H1Environmental Remote Sensing
- GGR337H1Environmental Remote Sensing last in the 2021-2022 Calendar
- GGR373H1Advanced Geographic Information Systems
- GGR375H1Introduction to Programming in GIS
- GGR386H1Special Topics in Geographic Information Systems
- GGR413H1Watershed Hydroecology last in the 2025-2026 Calendar
- GGR414H1Advanced Remote Sensing last in the 2021-2022 Calendar
- GGR415H1Advanced Remote Sensing
- GGR462H1GIS Research Project
- GGR472H1Developing Web Maps
- GGR314H1Global Warming
- GGR334H1Water Resource Management
- GGR347H1Energy Efficiency and Beyond
- GGR348H1Carbon-Free Energy Systems
- GGR416H1Environmental Impact Assessment
- GGR301H1Fluvial Geomorphology last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG301H1Fluvial Geomorphology
- GGR406H1Geomorphology and the Anthropocene last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG406H1Geomorphology and the Anthropocene
- ESS241H1Geologic Structures and Maps
- ESS331H1Sedimentation and Stratigraphy
- GGR305H1Biogeography last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG305H1Biogeography
- ESS361H1Atmosphere-Biosphere Interact last in the 2023-2024 Calendar
- ESS363H1Global Biogeochemical Cycles
- ESS461H1Palaeoenvironmental Studies
- ESS462H1Global Biogeochemical Cycles last in the 2023-2024 Calendar
- GGR493Y1Geography Professional Experience
- GGR401H1Special Topics in Geography II
- GGR491Y1Research Project
- GGR498H1Independent Research
- EEB319H1Population Ecology
- EEB321H1Community Ecology
- EEB324H1Evolutionary Ecology
- EEB328H1Physiological Ecology
- EEB428H1Global Change Ecology
- ENV346H1Terrestrial Energy Systems
- ESS262H1Earth System Processes
- ESS311H1Aqueous Geochemistry
- ESS464H1Biological Perspectives on Earth System Evolution
- FOR301H1Field Methods in Forest Conservation
- FOR305H1Biology of Trees and Forests
- FOR306H1Tropical Forest Ecology and Conservation Field Course
- FOR417H1Agroforestry
- JEE337H1
- PHY392H1Physics of Climate
- PHY408H1Time Series Analysis
Physical and Environmental Geography Minor
- Science program
- 4.0 credits
- Not admitting new students
- ASMIN2030
Enrolment
Enrolment in the Physical and Environmental Geography Minor will be administratively suspended as of January 31, 2024 and students will no longer be able to enrol in the program. The full enrolment requirements are on the Calendar's page for this program.
Completion requirements
First Year Geography Courses: Any 2 courses (1.0 credit) from JEG100H1 (recommended), GGR101H1, GGR107H1, GGR112H1, GGR124H1, GGR196H1, GGR197H1, GGR198H1, GGR199H1
Core Courses: Any 2 courses (1.0 credit) from GGR201H1/ JEG201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1/ JEG205H1, GGR206H1/ JEG206H1
Methods Courses: Any 2 courses (1.0 credit) from GGR270H1, GGR272H1, GGR390H1
Applications: Any 2 courses (1.0 credit) from:
Hydrology/GIS/Remote Sensing: GGR206H1/ JEG206H1, GGR273H1, GGR274H1, GGR315H1/ GGR337H1, GGR373H1, GGR375H1, GGR386H1, GGR413H1, GGR414H1/ GGR415H1, GGR462H1
Climatology/Energy: GGR203H1, GGR314H1, GGR347H1, GGR348H1
Geomorphology: GGR201H1/ JEG201H1, GGR301H1/ JEG301H1, GGR406H1/ JEG406H1
Biogeography: GGR205H1/ JEG205H1, GGR305H1/ JEG305H1, GGR308H1/ JEG308H1, ESS361H1, ESS363H1, ESS461H1, ESS462H1 No more than one (0.5) of GGR273H1, GGR274H1, GGR373H1, GGR375H1, GGR386H1. At least one Applications course (0.5 credit) must be 300-level or higher. Up to one 0.5 credit can be used from GGR493Y1, based on suitability of placement for this program, and approved by department.
Total credits: 4.0
Courses these requirements name
- JEG100H1Introduction to Physical Geography and Earth Science
- GGR101H1Histories of Environmental Change
- GGR107H1Environment, Food and People
- GGR112H1Geopolitics, Globalization, and Inequality
- GGR124H1Cities and Urban Life
- GGR196H1The Yard: Micro-Geographies of Household Outdoor Spaces
- GGR197H1Re(story)ing the Earth: Indigenous Wisdoms, Ecological Stewardship, and Global Climate Action
- GGR198H1Mobility and Borders
- GGR199H1Global Racial Capitalism in the 21st Century
- GGR201H1Geomorphology last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG201H1Geomorphology
- GGR203H1Introduction to Climatology
- GGR205H1Introduction to Soil Science last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG205H1Introduction to Soil Science
- GGR206H1Introduction to Hydrology last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG206H1Introduction to Hydrology
- GGR270H1Introductory Analytical Methods
- GGR272H1Geographic Information and Mapping I
- GGR390H1Field Methods
- GGR273H1Geographic Information and Mapping II
- GGR274H1Introductory Computation and Data Science for the Social Sciences
- GGR315H1Environmental Remote Sensing
- GGR337H1Environmental Remote Sensing last in the 2021-2022 Calendar
- GGR373H1Advanced Geographic Information Systems
- GGR375H1Introduction to Programming in GIS
- GGR386H1Special Topics in Geographic Information Systems
- GGR413H1Watershed Hydroecology last in the 2025-2026 Calendar
- GGR414H1Advanced Remote Sensing last in the 2021-2022 Calendar
- GGR415H1Advanced Remote Sensing
- GGR462H1GIS Research Project
- GGR314H1Global Warming
- GGR347H1Energy Efficiency and Beyond
- GGR348H1Carbon-Free Energy Systems
- GGR301H1Fluvial Geomorphology last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG301H1Fluvial Geomorphology
- GGR406H1Geomorphology and the Anthropocene last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG406H1Geomorphology and the Anthropocene
- GGR305H1Biogeography last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG305H1Biogeography
- GGR308H1Canadian Arctic Environments last in the 2024-2025 Calendar
- JEG308H1Canadian Arctic Environments
- ESS361H1Atmosphere-Biosphere Interact last in the 2023-2024 Calendar
- ESS363H1Global Biogeochemical Cycles
- ESS461H1Palaeoenvironmental Studies
- ESS462H1Global Biogeochemical Cycles last in the 2023-2024 Calendar
- GGR493Y1Geography Professional Experience
Requirements are quoted from the 2026-2027 Arts & Science Calendar, which is the official version. Atlas is independent of U of T, so confirm important decisions with your department or college registrar. See how to read program requirements or browse every program.
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